CONTENT OBJECTIVE: 1C2.00 To understand that sound travels in all directions from its source
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES: The learner will:
2.01 to identify that vibrating objects produce sound.
2.02 observe that sound travels uniformly in all directions.
2.03 observe that pitch of sound can be varied by changing rate of vibration.
TN COMPONENT OF SCIENCE: Habits of Mind
TN GOAL:
To enable students to demonstrate ways of thinking and acting inherent on the practice of science; and to exhibit an awareness of the historical and cultural contributions to the enterprise of science.
TN THEME:
3.2 ASSUMPTIONS - The recognition and the criticism of the validity of an argument through presentation of data and differentiation between fact and assumption in the preparation of an explanation for a natural phenomenon are vital parts of the scientific process.
TN STANDARD(S): The learner will understand that:
3.2a Science is based upon suppositions derived from observations of natural phenomena.
BENCHMARK Careful observation can yield scientific knowledge.
3.2b Predictions are based on previous knowledge.
BENCHMARK Prior knowledge is the framework for making predictions.
3.2c The critical assumptions behind any line of reasoning must be made explicit so that the validity of the position taken can be judged.
BENCHMARK Claims of findings made during scientific investigation must be supported with evidence to ensure logical argument.
3.2d The validity of an investigation cannot be accepted unless the complete investigation can be independently duplicated.
BENCHMARK If variables remain constant an investigation can be repeated with expectations of predictable results.
CLASSROOM CONNECTOR
TIME REQUIRED:
20 minutes
MATERIALS:
Bell, drum or object that can be used as a drum
SET:
Listen and watch what I do. (Walk to the front of the class and ring a bell. Walk to just outside the doorway and ring the bell. Repeat this from several different locations inside the room. We just heard the bell ring and it should have sounded different. Did it sound different from different places? We will find out that sounds are louder nearer the source of the sound and that sound travels in all directions.
INSTRUCTION:
(Arrange children into a large circle, backs to the middle, faces out. Stand in the middle.) Boys and girls, I am going to beat this drum and I want you to raise your hand if you can hear the drum beat. (response) Did everyone in the circle hold up higher hand? (Yes) That means that everyone heard the drum beat. The sound of the drum beat traveled to all of you at the same time. That is because vibrating objects produce sound.
All sound is produced by the vibration of matter. Matter may vibrate after absorbing energy. When sound reaches our ears, our eardrums and connected tiny bones vibrate. Sounds may be high or low. This is called pitch. Objects that vibrate quickly make sounds with high pitch. Objects that vibrate more slowly make sounds with a lower pitch.
Quietly return to your seats. Sit and listen for anything you can hear in this building or outside. (pause) Did you hear different sounds? (response) Were they of the same loudness? (response) Could we say that the source of loud sounds are closer to us. (response) Could we say that softer sounds are farther away from us? (response)
Children, we will choose partners and go outside to listen to sounds around us. I want you to tell your partner if a sound is near or far away.
CLOSURE:
We have been learning that sounds closer to us are louder than sounds that are farther away from us. Think of the sounds you have heard. Tell your neighbor one sound that was not loud. (response) Tell me why it was not loud. (response) Good! Now tell your neighbor one sound that was loud. (response) Tell me why it was loud. (response) Another great job!
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