Biology 110 Exam No. 3 (SAMPLE TEST)

Place all answers on the attached answer sheet. On multiple choice answers, select only one answer and indicate that answer with a capital letter.

1. What is the name of the process that describes the movements of small, solid particles due to their being bombarded by moving water molecules?

2. Will the gas hydrogen sulfide (which causes the odor of rotten eggs) diffuse faster through air or through water?

1. air;
2. water;
3. no difference in its rate of diffusion in air and water

3. A membrane that allows all types of molecules to pass through would best be described as:

1. permeable;
2. impermeable;
3. selectively permeable

4. A living cell that contains 1% dissolved material is placed into a solution that contains 2% salt and 98% water. Which term correctly describes the salt solution?

1. hypotonic;
2. hypertonic;
3. isotonic

5. A living cell that contains 1% dissolved material is placed into a solution that contains 2% salt and 98% water. Which way will water move?

1. into the cell;
2. out of the cell;
3. both into and out of the cell at equal rates;
4. no logical way to determine the correct answer

6-9. USE THIS INFORMATION FOR ANSWERING QUESTIONS 6-9.

A large beaker contains Solution A which is 10% salt and 90% water.

Solution B is 100% water; this solution is enclosed by a selectively permeable membrane like the ones we used in lab. The bag containing solution B is placed into solution A, as we did in lab.

Solution C is 5% salt and 95% water; this solution is enclosed by a selectively permeable membrane like to ones we used in lab. The bag containing solution C is also placed into solution A.

6. Compare solutions A and B: which is hypertonic?

1. solution A;
2. solution B;
3. neither is hypertonic

7. Compare solutions A and C: which is hypertonic?

1. solution A;
2. neither A nor C;
3. solution C

8. What will happen to the weight of the bag with solution B.

1. increase;
2. decrease;
3. remain the same;
4. no way to predict

9. What will happen to the weight of the bag with solution C.

1. increase;
2. decrease;
3. remain the same;
4. no way to predict

10. Which of the processes listed below will result in the net movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?

1. diffusion;
2. osmosis;
3. active transport;
4. none of these

11. Which of the following is the most energetically expensive to a cell (i.e., uses the most energy)?

1. osmosis;
2. diffusion;
3. active transport;
4. none of these uses energy

12. What types of organisms are most likely to possess contractile vacuoles?

1. big, salt-water organisms;
2. small, salt-water organisms;
3. big, fresh-water organisms (such as fish);
4. small, fresh-water organisms (such as Paramecium)

13. Name the process by which oxygen moves from an area of high concentration in a blood vessel to an area of low concentration in a cell.

14. Name the molecule that is the most important end product of all types of cellular respiration. [no abbreviations will be accepted as a correct answer]

15. Which of these describes oxidation of glucose?

1. removing energy from glucose;
2. adding energy to glucose;
3. using glucose to build starch

16. How much environmental oxygen is used during glycolysis?

17-18. Name the two end products of lactic acid fermentation in humans.

19-20. Name two end products, in addition to adenosine triphosphate, of alcoholic fermentation in yeast cells.

21. How many molecules of ethyl alcohol are produced during the alcoholic fermentation of one molecule of glucose?

22. Inward folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion are called:

23. In what cell organelle does the Krebs cycle occur?

24. During the Krebs cycle, a molecule of citric acid loses a carbon atom and is converted into a molecule containing _?_ [how many?] carbon atoms.

25. The carrier molecules nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are important in cellular respiration because these molecules can:

1. make energy;
2. store energy for long periods of time;
3. serve as transporters and short-term storage sites for high-energy electrons;
4. carry oxygen into a cell

26. The aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose results in the net gain of approximately how many molecules of adenosine triphosphate?

27. In which of the following is the largest number of adenosine triphosphate molecules produced during aerobic respiration?

1. glycolysis;
2. Krebs cycle;
3. electron transport system;
4. all produce equal amounts

28. Approximately what percent of the energy stored in glucose is captured and stored in molecules of adenosine triphosphate during aerobic respiration?

29. What atom serves as the terminal electron acceptor during aerobic respiration in humans?

1. sulfur;
2. methylene blue;
3. oxygen;
4. could be any of these

30. What process manufactures the food molecules that are oxidized during cellular respiration?

1. active transport;
2. lactic acid fermentation;
3. aerobic respiration;
4. photosynthesis

31. What is the primary function of photosynthesis?

1. manufacture oxygen;
2. release oxygen;
3. release carbon dioxide;
4. store energy in carbohydrates;
5. make energy

32. Name a gas released as a by-product (= waste material) during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

33-34. Name the two energy-storing molecules that are produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis; these molecules provide energy for reducing carbon during the light-independent reactions.

35. When chlorophyll P680 absorbs sunlight, what sub-atomic particle actually has a change in energy content?

36. When chlorophyll P680 absorbs light energy and loses an electron, from what atom does the chlorophyll receive a replacement electron?

37. Name the molecule that is taken from the air (or water) and provides the carbon for the production of carbohydrates during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.

38. Chlorophyll is green because it:

1. absorbs green light;
2. reflects green light;
3. transmits green light;
4. destroys green light

39. Photosynthesis occurs in plant cell parts called _?_

40. Which contains more carbon atoms: three molecules of carbon dioxide or one molecule of phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) ?

1. three molecules of carbon dioxide;
2. one molecule of phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL);
3. they have equal numbers of carbon atoms

41. Which contains more energy: three molecules of carbon dioxide or one molecule of phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) ?

1. three molecules of carbon dioxide;
2. one molecule of phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL);
3. they have equal amounts of energy

42. How many molecules of carbon dioxide must enter the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) in order for the plant to produce a sugar containing 36 carbon atoms?

43. Which of these is needed in order to make a molecule of adenosine triphosphate?

1. energy;
2. adenosine diphosphate;
3. phosphate;
4. enzyme;
5. all of these

44. A shortage of which of the following normally controls the rate of adenosine triphosphate production in cells?

1. energy;
2. adenosine diphosphate;
3. phosphate;
4. enzyme;

45. Which has the most energy: a photon of red light, a photon of green light, or a photon of violet light?

1. red;
2. green;
3. violet;
4. all have equal amounts of energy

46. Which is most dangerous to a living cell?

1. long wavelengths of radiation;
2. short wavelengths of radiation;
3. all wavelengths are equally dangerous

47. True or False Photosynthesis occurs in all healthy, living plant cells.

48. Cellular respiration occurs in which of the following?

1. plant cells;
2. animal cells;
3. bacteria;
4. fungi;
5. all normal, living cells

49. During photosynthesis, carbon atoms (from carbon dioxide) are _?_ (A. oxidized; B. reduced) as they gain energy.

50. During cellular respiration, carbon atoms (from glucose) are _?_ (A. oxidized; B. reduced) as they lose energy.

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