Biology 110 Exam No. 1 Fall 1998

READ ALL OF THE DIRECTIONS BEFORE BEGINNING THE EXAM

Place all answers on the attached answer sheet. On questions with multiple choice answers: select only one answer. Please write clearly: if I have trouble reading your answer, I will mark it wrong. The answer to question number seven is four hundred and fifty.

1. True or False Each carbon atom on Planet Earth contains 6 (and only 6: no more, no less) protons.

2. True or False All of the electrons that we study in Biology 110 have the same amount of energy.

3. True or False Only living things are capable of using energy and reproducing.

4. From the perspective of a biologist, the best one word definition of the term “evolution” is:

  1. death;
  2. survival;
  3. success;
  4. change;
  5. reproduction

5. The best indicator of biological success by an organism is:

  1. size of the organism;
  2. color of the organism;
  3. number of mates;
  4. number of offspring produced;
  5. length of life

6. How many atoms are present in two molecules of water?

7. Metric/English system review: An automobile tire whose volume is 1500 cubic inches has a pressure reading of 20 pounds per square inch when read on a tire gage. How many cubic inches of air must be forced into the tire to bring the pressure to 35 pounds per square inch?

8. The mass number of an atom is determined by adding the number of protons present to the number of _?_ present.

9. Which of the following best describes an example of natural selection?

  1. a human allows only cats with long legs to reproduce;
  2. hot weather results in the death of rabbits with long hair;
  3. air temperature rises to 23 degrees;
  4. less rain falls during March than in July.

10. What is the maximum number of electrons the first shell of an atom can hold?

11. How many electrons are present in the second shell of an oxygen atom that has not reacted with other atoms?

12. Three atoms have atomic numbers of 2, 9, and 10. Which of the three will be most reactive?

13. Electrons in which of the following shells would have the greatest amount of energy?

  1. shell 1;
  2. shell 2;
  3. shell 3;
  4. all have equal amounts of energy

14. If an atom has an atomic mass = 28 and an atomic number = 14, how many neutrons are present in the atom?

15. What is the atomic number of an atom which has 18 electrons, 19 protons, and 19 neutrons?

16. Name the element that is composed of the smallest atoms known to exist in nature?

17. Fluorine has an atomic number = 9. True or False: every atom of fluorine contains 9 protons.

18. Helium has an atomic number = 2. Is helium likely to form ions?

  1. yes, because it will readily gain an electron;
  2. yes, because it will readily lose an electron;
  3. yes, because it will frequently lose a proton;
  4. no, because it is stable.

19. When an atom is described as being "stable," the atom is:

  1. happy;
  2. not in need of a psychiatrist;
  3. likely to be involved in violent chemical reactions;
  4. unlikely to react.

20. Why does Pitts not have hair whose natural color is green?

  1. he has no hair;
  2. hair color is not determined genetically;
  3. there is no advantage for having green hair;
  4. he does not have the enzyme systems for constructing green pigments.

21. Sea water has an average pH = 8.0; human blood has an average pH = 7.4. Which of these materials is the stronger base?

  1. sea water;
  2. blood;
  3. neither is basic since both are slightly acidic;
  4. this is a nonsense question since pH measurements are not applied to human fluids

22. Compare the strength of an acid fog with a pH = 1.0 to normal rainwater with pH = 5.

  1. the fog is 5 times more acid than rainwater;
  2. the fog is 1/5 as acidic as rainwater;
  3. the fog is 40 times more acid than rainwater;
  4. the fog is 10,000 times more acid than the rainwater

23. The attraction between 4 polarized water molecules is referred to as:

  1. adhesion;
  2. cohesion;
  3. covalent bonding;
  4. ionic bonding

24. Consider one polarized water molecule: how many hydrogen bonds can form between this water molecule and the surrounding water molecules?

25. True or False Of the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas), the solid state is usually the most dense.

26. Name a substance in which the liquid state is more dense than the solid state.

27. While reading through a recipe, a cook notices that one of the ingredients is described as hydrophobic. Will this substance readily dissolve in water? A. yes; B. no; C. probably yes, because hydrophobic means that dogs will not eat the dish.

28. The UTM pond (by the jogging trail) is 3 meters deep at its deepest point. Is this pond likely to freeze solid (all the way from the top to the bottom)?

  1. no, because ice floats and is a good insulator;
  2. no, because students frequently swim in the pond and release heat into the water;
  3. yes, because the pond is so shallow;
  4. yes, because once ice forms it will cause a chain reaction and cool the remainder of the water.

29. Which of the following substances is a protein?

  1. cellulose;
  2. cellulase;
  3. glucose;
  4. both A and C

30. Which of the following organisms can manufacture cellulase?

  1. humans;
  2. cows;
  3. termites;
  4. bacteria;
  5. all of these

31. The chemical name for table sugar is sucrose. Name the enzyme that breaks down sucrose.

  1. sucrase;
  2. maltase;
  3. cellulase;
  4. fructase;
  5. any of these can digest sucrose

32. What is the average body temperature of a healthy adult human?

  1. 370C;
  2. 400C;
  3. 98.60C;
  4. 2120C

33. In the presence of cellulase, cellulose will break down into glucose. Name a reactant in this reaction.

34. Name a product in the reaction described in question 33.

35. Name an enzyme used in the reaction described in question number 33.

36. Which of these correctly describes an active site?

  1. location on an enzyme where the co-factor attaches;
  2. location on an enzyme where a catalyst attaches;
  3. location on an enzyme where the temperature is measured;
  4. location on an enzyme where a substrate attaches.

37. How many different kinds of reactions can be affected by the enzyme named catecholase?

  1. only reactions involving catechol;
  2. any reaction involving substances that have a shape similar to the shape of catechol;
  3. depends on the temperature and pH of the solutions.

38. How many times can a molecule of an enzyme be used in a living cell?

  1. only once;
  2. usually about 10;
  3. millions

39. True or False All enzymes are catalysts.

40. True or False All proteins are enzymes.

41. Which of the following types of chemical bonds involves the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another?

  1. ionic;
  2. single covalent;
  3. double covalent;
  4. all types of chemical bonds

42. Which of these is the strongest chemical bond?

  1. ionic;
  2. covalent;
  3. hydrogen;
  4. all chemical bonds have equal strength

43. A single covalent bond will involve how many electrons?

44. After the completion of a chemical reaction involving a catalyst, how much of the catalyst remains?

  1. 2 g;
  2. 10 ounces;
  3. the same amount that was present at the beginning;
  4. none

45. A carbohydrate molecule that contains 24 carbon atoms will contain approximately how many hydrogen atom?

46. True or False All sugar molecules that contain six carbon atoms are correctly called glucose.

47. A disaccharide molecule will typically contain how many simple sugar units?

48. Which of the following is correctly described as being a polysaccharide, a carbohydrate, and an organic molecule?

  1. starch;
  2. gllycogen;
  3. cellulose;
  4. all of these are correct;
  5. none of these are correct

49. Name the human body organ in which glycogen is stored.

50. Glucose can be used as:

  1. a source of energy;
  2. a building block for the construction of other molecules or parts;
  3. an enzyme;
  4. all of these are correct;
  5. only A and B are correct

 

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