Biology
120 Exam Number 3 Spring 2003
Place
all answers on the attached answer sheet.
On multiple choice questions, select only one answer and write the
letter that corresponds to your answer on the answer sheet. If I have difficulty reading your answer, I must
mark it wrong. You may omit one
question; write "omit" in the answer blank for the question you
decide to omit and this question will not be graded.
1. Name
the type of blood vessel that conducts blood away from the heart.
2. Name
the type of blood vessel that conducts blood toward the heart.
3. Name
the type of blood vessel through which oxygen diffuses into cells.
4. Name
the heart chamber to which blood flows from the right atrium.
5. Name
the blood vessel to which blood flows from the left ventricle.
6.
Blood flows out of the left
atrium into the heart chamber named the _?_.
7. Blood
is pumped out of the right ventricle into a vessel named the _?_.
8. Name
the vessel that delivers blood from the heart to the lungs.
9. Name
the vessel that delivers blood from the lungs to the heart.
10. Name
the valve that is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
A. aortic;
B. mitral; C. tricuspid; D. semilunar
11.
What type of electrical charge
is most abundant on the outside of a neuron that is not conducting an impulse?
A. positive;
B. negative; C. neutral
12. Which
conducts a nerve impulse faster?
A. a neuron with myelin; B. a neuron without myelin; C. no difference since myelin has no effect
on impulse movement
13. The
strength of a muscle contraction is primarily determined by:
A. the size of a nerve impulse; B. the speed of a nerve impulse; C. the number, or frequency, of nerve
impulses; D. the brain region that
initiates the impulse
14. Name
a structure that is located in an axon but is not present in a dendrite.
A. secretory vesicle; B. neurotransmitter receptors; C. sodium ions; D. myelin sheath fibers
15. At
the point of a nerve impulse, sodium ions will be:
A. located inside the neuron; B. located outside the neuron; C. equally distributed between the inside and
outside of the neuron; D. moving toward
the nerve cell body
16. What
stimulates the release of neurotransmitters from secretory vesicles?
A. polarity reversal caused by a nerve impulse; B. polarity increase due to nerve
impulse; C. presence of opposing
electrical charges on receptor sites
17. Name
the process by which neurotransmitter molecules move across a synapse.
A. active transport; B. ion pumps;
C. breathing; D. capillary action;
E. diffusion.
18. What
is the normal fate of a neurotransmitter that has attached to a receptor?
A. rapid destruction by polarity reversal; B. rapid destruction by an enzyme; C. rapid destruction by a change in pH; D. remains in place for hours or even days.
19. What
is the effect of an inhibitory neurotransmitter on the polarity of a dendrite?
A. increases polarity; B. causes polarity reversal; C. has no effect on polarity
20.
Which of the following prevents the release of
acetylcholine from secretory vesicles?
A. curare;
B. botulinum toxin; C.
cholinesterase inhibitors; D. strychnine
21. Which
of the following causes muscle paralysis by attaching to receptors and blocking
neurotransmitter attachment?
A. curare;
B. botulinum toxin; C.
cholinesterase inhibitors; D. none of
these
22. Which
of the following is most likely to cause continuous, sustained muscle
contractions?
A. curare;
B. botulinum toxin; C.
cholinesterase inhibitors
23. The
type of nerve fiber that conducts an impulse away from a nerve cell body is
called:
24.
The tough but flexible and protective layers
of connective tissue that surround the spinal cord are called:
A. forebrain;
B. cartilage; C. meninges; D.
reflex centers
25. What
is the minimal number of neurons in a reflex arc?
A. one;
B. two; C. three; D. 100
26. True
or False Even though a single neuron is
microscopic in diameter, the neuron may be more than 12 inches long.
27. Which
of these is the oldest brain region and the first to develop during embryology?
A. hindbrain;
B. midbrain; C. forebrain
28.
Name the specific brain part that contains the
body thermostat and also influences emotions, sex drive, and water balance.
A. cerebrum;
B. cerebellum; C. mid-brain; D. medulla;
E. thalamus; F.
hypothalamus; G. pons; H. spinal cord
29. Name
the specific brain part that coordinates muscle activities during walking.
A. cerebrum;
B. cerebellum; C. mid-brain; D. medulla;
E. thalamus; F.
hypothalamus; G. pons; H. spinal cord
30. Name
the specific brain part that subconsciously controls the rate of heart beat and
the rate of breathing.
A. cerebrum;
B. cerebellum; C. mid-brain; D. medulla;
E. thalamus; F.
hypothalamus; G. pons; H. spinal cord
31. Which
of the following results (at least in part) from the inability to form
sufficient amounts of dopamine?
A. multiple sclerosis; B. Parkinson's disease; C. schizophrenia
32.
In which of the following is an excessive
amount of dopamine present?
A. multiple sclerosis; B. Parkinson's disease; C. schizophrenia; D. Alzheimer's disease
33. True
or False Infected male Anopheles
mosquitoes can transmit malaria to humans.
34. Name
the stage of Plasmodium that a mosquito injects into the human blood
stream.
A. sporozoites;
B. merozoites; C.
gametocyte; D. all of these
35. Name the stage of Plasmodium whose
production in red blood cells also results in the production and eventual
release of toxins that cause chills and fever in the victim.
A. sporozoites;
B. merozoites; C.
gametocyte; D. all of these
36. True
or False Due to evolution in Plasmodium
and Anopheles, humans have had, and will continue to have, difficulty in
controlling malaria.
37. A
person with sickle-cell anemia receives some protection from:
A. polio;
B. HIV; C. malaria; D. strept throat
38. Which
of these embryonic stages has the greatest degree of development and
complexity?
A. gastrula;
B. zygote; C. blastula; D. morula
39. Which
of the following is the first embryonic cavity?
A. archenteron;
B. blastopore; C.
blastocoel; D. mesoderm; E. stem cells
40. Which
of the following is the third, and last, of the embryonic cell layers (=
primary cell layers) to form?
A. endoderm;
B. blastoderm; C. ectoderm; D. none of these is correct
41. Name
the embryonic (= primary) cell layer that gives rise to the human nervous
system.
42. Name
the embryonic (= primary) cell layer that gives rise to blood of a human.
43. True
or False Stem cells are embryonic cells
whose fate has not been determined; therefore, they can give rise to many
different types of tissues.
44. True
or False Stem cells are present only in
embryos, never in adults.
45. Which
of the following types of human tissues has the least ability to regenerate and
replace cells that die?
A. blood;
B. skin; C. liver; D. lining of digestive tract; E. nerve
46.
Acetylcholine is an example of:
A. a neurotransmitter; B. an enzyme that destroys
neurotransmitters; C. an ion that is
located on the outside of all nerve fibers;
D. a nutrient in cerebrospinal fluid.
47.
The largest part of the human
brain is the:
A. cerebellum;
B. medulla; C. thalamus; D. cerebrum
48. The
human circulatory system is an example of a(n):
A. open circulatory system; B. closed circulatory system; C. system that is open during the day and
closed at night.
49. Which
is better for an animal, a closed circulatory system or an open circulatory
system?
A. open;
B. closed; C. depends on the
animal's anatomy and behavior
50. What
is the name of microscopic space between the axon of one neuron and the
dendrite of an adjacent neuron?