Biology 110 Exam No. 3 Spring 2001

1. Which of the following is best explained by pinocytosis?

1. movement of liquids into a cell;
2. movement of liquids out of a cell;
3. movement of solids into a cell;
4. movement of solids out of a cell

2. Contractile vacuoles would be of most value to organisms living in which of the following environments?

1. ocean;
2. fresh water lake;
3. land;
4. air

3. The primary function of photosynthesis is to:

1. manufacture energy;
2. destroy energy;
3. store energy in ATP;
4. store energy in carbohydrates

4. Name a gas released as a by-product of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

5-6. Name two energy storing molecules that are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis.

7. Oxidation of glucose results in glucose:

1. gaining energy;
2. losing energy;
3. making energy;
4. remaining at the same energy level

8. True or False All electrons contain the same amount of energy.

9. When chlorophyll P680 absorbs sunlight, what subatomic particle actually has a change in energy content?

10. When chlorophyll P680 loses an electron, from what ATOM does the chlorophyll receive an electron?

11. When chlorophyll P680 loses an electron, from what MOLECULE does the chlorophyll receive an electron?

12. Which contains more energy?

1. one molecule of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (=NADP);
2. one molecule of NADP-H;
3. NADP and NADP-H contain the same amount of energy

13. Name the molecule that is taken from the air and provides the carbon for the production of carbohydrates during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis.

14. A photon of which of the following contains the least amount of energy?

1. red;
2. green;
3. blue

15. Chlorophyll appears to be green because it _?_ green wave lengths of light.

1. absorbs;
2. reflects;
3. transmits;
4. manufactures

16. Name the cell organelle in which photosynthesis occurs in eukaryotic cells.

17. How many molecules of carbon dioxide must enter the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in order for a plant to produce a carbohydrate containing 12 carbon atoms?

18. The term phosphorylation means:

1. to remove a phosphate;
2. to destroy a phosphate;
3. to make a phosphate;
4. to add a phosphate

19. The production of molecules of adenosine triphosphate is usually limited in living cells by a shortage of:

1. ADP;
2. phosphate;
3. enzymes;
4. energy

20. Which of the following contains the most energy?

1. 3 molecules of carbon dioxide;
2. 1 molecule of phosphoglyceraldehyde (=PGAL);
3. 2 molecules of water;
4. 1 molecule of glucose

21. From an absorption spectrum of a pigment, we could determine which wavelengths of light are _?_ by the pigment.

1. reflected;
2. absorbed;
3. not absorbed;
4. transmitted;
5. both B and C

22. Which of the following are necessary for the light independent reactions of photosynthesis to occur?

1. light;
2. darkness;
3. ATP;
4. NADPH;
5. carbon dioxide;
6. answers C, D, and E are all correct

23. An electron in chlorophyll P680 absorbs a photon of light. This electron has:

1. gained energy;
2. lost energy;
3. not changed its energy level

24. Compare the energy levels of one molecule of adenosine monophosphate, one molecule of adenosine diphosphate, and one molecule of adenosine triphosphate. Which contains the largest amount of energy?

1. AMP;
2. ADP;
3. ATP;
4. no difference--all contain the same amount of energy

25. How many carbon atoms are present in one molecule of glucose?

26. An atom that has been reduced has:

1. lost energy;
2. gained energy;
3. not changed its energy level

27. The primary function of molecules of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is:

1. produce energy;
2. store energy for long periods of time;
3. store energy for short periods of time;
4. destroy unneeded energy

28. The enzymes for glycolysis are located:

1. in the cytoplasm;
2. on the cristae of mitochondria;
3. in the matrix of mitochondria;
4. in oxygen molecules

29. The breakdown of glucose during glycolysis results in the formation of two 3 carbon molecules called _?_

30. The term “glycolysis” literally means:

1. building glucose;
2. splitting of glucose;
3. changing the color of glucose;
4. making glucose available for a cell to use

31. How many molecules of atmospheric oxygen are used during glycolysis?

1. 2;
2. 4;
3. 36;
4. none

32-33-34. The three end products of alcoholic fermentation in yeasts are:

35-36. The two end products of lactic acid fermentation are:

37. Lactic acid fermentation is most likely to occur in:

1. yeast cells;
2. plants;
3. animals such as humans;
4. viruses

38. The inward projecting folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion are called _?_

39. Name the cell organelle in which Kreb's cycle occurs.

40. If a molecule of glucose is completely oxidized during aerobic respiration, how many molecules of carbon dioxide will be produced?

41. Which of the following processes produces the largest number of ATP molecules?

1. glycolysis;
2. Kreb's cycle;
3. electron transport system

42. Aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose results in the net gain of how many molecules of ATP?

43. Approximately what % of the energy stored in glucose is captured and stored in ATPs during aerobic respiration?

1. 5;
2. 10;
3. 25;
4. 40;
5. 75

44-45. The low energy electrons released at the end of the electron transport system combine with hydrogen ions to form hydrogen atoms that combine with ATOMS of a substance called _44_ , both of which will become part of a MOLECULE called _45_.

46. True or False The starting material for cellular respiration is the end product of photosynthesis.

47. True or False Plants could continue living indefinitely on Planet Earth if no animals were present.

48. True or False Humans could not continue living very long on Planet Earth if photosynthesis stopped.

49. What happens to a cell that cannot respire?

1. nothing;
2. dies;
3. depends on whether or not it is a plant

50. The primary function of cellular respiration is to store energy in molecules of _?_

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