Biology 110 Exam 2 - Fall 2000


Please place all answers on the attached answer sheet.

1. Name the type of macromolecule manufactured by ribosomes.

2. Name the cell part (= organelle) to which most ribosomes are attached.

3. Name the cell part where most aerobic cellular respiration occurs.

4. Name the cell part in which photosynthesis occurs.

5. Name the cell part that is primarily involved in packing and shipping proteins for secretion.

6. Name the cell part (not a specific molecule) that stores genetic information.

7. Name the cell part that is a sac-like structure that stores digestive enzymes.

8. Name the cell part that regulates the movement of materials into and out of cells.

9. Name the cell part that contains enzymes for aerobic cellular respiration.

10. Name the cell part that produces chloroplasts.

11. Name a cell part that contains its own deoxyribonucleic acid and is self replicating.

12-13. Name the two major chemical components of chromosomes.

14. Which of the following is present in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

  1. ribosomes;
  2. plasma membrane;
  3. mitochondria;
  4. proteins

15. Compare the two membranes of a mitochondrion. Which has the greater surface area?

  1. the outer membrane;
  2. the inner membrane;
  3. there is no difference

16. Name the cell part that produces mitochondria.

17. The number of mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell is most closely related to:

  1. the size of the cell;
  2. the number of adenosine triphosphate molecules being used by the cell;
  3. the amount of deoxyribose nucleic acid present;
  4. the number of nuclear membranes present.

18. How many mitochondria are usually present in a bacterium?

19. Large vacuoles are most likely to be present in:

  1. animal cells;
  2. plant cells;
  3. bacteria

20. Which of these manufactures energy?

  1. cellular respiration;
  2. photosynthesis;
  3. osmosis;
  4. none of these.

21. Which of these is a monosaccharide?

  1. glucose;
  2. sucrose;
  3. glycogen;
  4. cellulose

22. Which of these correctly describe starch?

  1. macromolecule;
  2. carbohydrate;
  3. polysaccharide;
  4. all of these

23. Name the human body organ that stores glycogen.

24. Name the polysaccharide that is the primary component of plant cell walls.

25. How many fatty acids are present in a triglyceride?

26. Name the macromolecule that serves as a shock absorber around kidneys.

27. Which of the following is more harmful when eaten in large amounts?

  1. saturated fats;
  2. unsaturated fats;
  3. poly-unsaturated fats

28. How many fatty acids are present in a phospholipid?

29. True or False. Human cells can manufacture all of the cholesterol that they need.

30. Name the molecule from which humans manufacture testosterone.

31. A protein is a polymer composed of a chain of molecules (or "building blocks") called _?_

32. Name the type of bond that connects two amino acids.

  1. covalent;
  2. hydrogen;
  3. ionic;
  4. peptide;
  5. both covalent and peptide are correct

33. How many different kinds of amino acids are used by plants and animals when manufacturing proteins?

34. To a dietician, an "essential" amino acid is one that:

  1. human cells can manufacture;
  2. human cells cannot manufacture and must obtain in their diet;
  3. does not contain a side group;
  4. is manufactured only by bacteria.

35. The secondary structure of a protein:

  1. describes the number of amino acids present;
  2. describes the sequence of amino acids;
  3. partially explains the shape of a protein;
  4. tells the number of polypeptide chains that are present.

36. A hemoglobin molecule consists of how many polypeptide chains?

37. Name one way to denature a protein.

38. The primary biological function of hemoglobin is:

  1. transport lipids;
  2. protect against rapid temperature change;
  3. color the blood red;
  4. transport oxygen.

39. The individual units, or "building blocks," of nucleic acids are:

  1. amino acids;
  2. nucleotides;
  3. fatty acids;
  4. monosaccharides

40. The three components of a nucleotide are phosphate, 5-carbon sugar, and _?_

41. Name a nitrogen base that is present in deoxyribonucleic acid but not in ribonucleic acid.

42. Name the nitrogen base that will complement guanine.

43. A section of deoxyribonucleic acid with 400 nucleotides would contain how many nitrogen bases?

44. Which contains more energy?

  1. one molecule of adenosine diphosphate;
  2. one molecule of adenosine triphosphate;
  3. one molecule of adenosine diphosphate;
  4. they all contain the same amount of energy

45. Name the cellular process that manufactures molecules of adenosine triphosphate.

46. Nucleotides consist of three parts. Which of these parts is used for storing information?

47. Name the largest molecule that we study in Biology 110.

48. Name the molecule that directly supplies energy for virtually all cellular activities.

49 and 50. ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET (not on this sheet), draw the structural formula for an amino acid and label each of the groups.


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