Biology 120 Exam
No. 3 Spring 1998
2:00 MWF
Name________________________
1.
How many synapses are probably present in a human brain?
2.
True or False Some neurons
are approximately 1 meter long.
3.
What was the major contribution of Ramon y Cajal to neurobiology?
A. described individual neurons and synapses; B. described the human excretory system; C. developed a stain that can be used to study neurons; D. showed that deoxyglucose is used by neurons
4.
What is the function of sensory neurons?
A. conduct impulses from receptors to the central nervous system; B. conduct impulses away from the central nervous system to muscles; C. store information gained from the environment; D. cause the hypothalamus to become inactive
5.
What does the term “atrophy” mean?
A. increase in size; B. decrease in size; C. change in function; D. change in color
6. Which sex of humans is more likely to have amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
7.
What is the fate of a person with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
8.
What causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
9.
How does amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affect the brain?
10.
How does amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affect the nervous system?
A.
causes death of sensory neurons; B.
causes death of motor neurons; C.
causes death of both sensory neurons and motor neurons;
D. has no effect on the nervous system
11. What part of the human brain is mostly involved in muscle
coordination and maintenance of equilibrium?
12. What is the cure for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
13. Tissue lining the heart is referred to as:
A.
endocardium; B. epicardium; C. intercardium; D.
intracardium
14. What is the usual fate of persons with ventricular
tachycardia?
15. Which of the following terms best describes a heart that has
stopped beating?
A.
heart attack; B. myocardial
infarction; C. myocardium; D. cardiac arrest
16. Where is the atrio-ventricular node located?
A.
right atrium; B. left atrium; C. right ventricle; D.
left ventricle; E. at the bottom of
the two ventricles; F.
between the two atria
17. To what heart chamber(s) do Purkinje fibers (= Bundle of His)
deliver impulses?
18. In an electrocardiogram, the P wave measures electrical
activity associated with the contraction of the _?_
19. In an electrocardiogram, the QRS wave measures electrical
activity associated with the contraction of the _?_
20. The term “ventricular tachycardia” refers to:
A.
fast contraction of the ventricles; B.
slow contraction of the ventricles; C.
absence of contraction by the ventricles; D.
absence of ventricles
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21-32. Blood flow in a normal adult human.
A drop of blood leaving a capillary in the lungs will enter a vessel
called the 21 which carries the drop to blood to the left side of the
heart; the drop of blood will enter the heart chamber called the 22.
From this heart chamber, the drop of blood will travel to another heart
chamber named the 23. The
drop of blood will leave this heart chamber in a vessel that is named the 24;
the oxygen level in the drop of blood we are following is, at this point, 25
(A. low; B. high;
C. totally unknown). The
vessel named in question 24 will deliver the drop of blood to most body organs
where oxygen is 26 (A. added to the blood;
B. removed from the blood; C.
manufactured by the blood). Oxygen
will move by diffusion through the walls of a type of blood vessel named 27.
The drop of blood will leave the capillaries of body organs and enter a
vein called the 28 which delivers blood to the right side of the heart to
a heart chamber named the 29. From
the heart chamber named in question 29, the drop of blood will move into the
heart chamber called the 30. Blood
leaves this heart chamber (named in question 30) in a vessel named the 31
which delivers the blood to body organs named the 32 where oxygen is
added to the blood.
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33-39.
Blood flow in a human fetus.
Most of the blood in the right atrium of a fetus will be pumped through
an opening named the 33 which allows the blood to enter the heart chamber
named the 34. From the
chamber named in question 34, blood will flow into a heart chamber named the 35. This chamber (the one named in question 35) is drained by a
vessel named the 36. Blood
that enters the right ventricle of the fetus will leave the right ventricle in a
vessel named the 37. This
vessel (the one named in question 37) is connected to the aorta by a
“shortcut” named the 38. A
major function of these fetal modifications is to prevent the blood from going
to the organs named the 39 which are not functional in the fetus.
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40. Name the type of nerve cell fiber that conducts a nerve
impulse away from the nerve cell body.
41. What type of electrical charge is present on the outside of a
neuron at the point of a nerve impulse?
A.
positive; B. negative; C. zero
42. Which of the following conducts a nerve impulse the slowest?
A neuron that:
A.
is small in diameter and does not have a myelin sheath;
B. is small in diameter and has a myelin sheath;
C. is large in diameter and does not have a myelin sheath;
D. is large in diameter and has a myelin sheath
43. The strength of a muscle contraction is determined by:
A.
size of nerve impulses arriving at the muscle;
B. number of nerve impulses arriving at the muscle;
C. time of day; D. size of
the nerve going to the muscle
44.
Neurotransmitter receptors are located on:
A.
axons; B. dendrites; C.
nerve cell bodies; D. all of these
45.
Neurotransmitters move across synapses by a process called ?
46.
Botulinum toxin normally affects which part of the nervous system?
A.
secretory vesicles; B. receptors; C. cholinesterase inhibitors;
D. all of these
47. Meninges are found around:
A.
muscles; B. liver;
C. lungs; D. spinal cord;
E. motor neurons
48. Name the embryonic stage that consists of a single layer of
cells with a central cavity.
49. Name the second embryonic cell layer that forms in an embryo.
50. Name the first opening that forms into an embryo.