Biology 120
Final Exam Spring 1998
Name__________________________
1.
What is the usual fat of persons who suffer from decompression illness
and who, under medical supervision, are recompressed in a chamber with pure
oxygen?
2.
The term “patent foramen ovale” describes an opening (called the
foramen ovale) between the two heart chambers called _?_
3.
What percentage of adult humans have patent foramen ovale?
4.
What kind of gas usually causes decompression illness?
5.
Do gas bubbles form in blood that is compressed at high pressure?
6.
What causes the sound when a person “pops” their knuckles or
“cracks” a joint?
A.
bone breaking; B. backwards flow of
blood; C. loss of oxygen from
lungs; D. rapid formation and
collapse of gas bubbles
7.
Which is potentially more harmful: gas bubbles in the veins or
gas bubbles in the arteries?
8.
Can all of the risks of diving be eliminated?
9.
Name a female sex hormone that stimulates the body to store fat.
10. True or False If
the body has sufficient fat to support menstrual cycles, ovulation will always
occur.
11. Name the part of the brain that coordinates reproduction and
food intake.
12. Why has natural selection favored pregnant women who carry
considerable amounts of stored fat rather than women who carry little fat?
13. Fat constitutes, on average, what percent of the body weight
of adult human females?
14. What percent, on average, of the adult human male body is
composed of fat?
15. What percent of the lean body mass of adult humans consists
of water?
16. Name the body structure that produces gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (also referred to as FSH-releasing factor or LH-releasing factor).
17-18. What two pituitary hormones are released in response to
gonadotropin-releasing hormone?
19-20. Name two functions of body fat.
21. Why are “double-muscled” Charolais cattle especially
valuable to farmers?
22. Why do “double-muscled” Charolais cattle have delayed
puberty?
23. As a result of amenorrhea, a human female will:
A.
not ovulate; B. not have menstrual
cycles; C. neither ovulate nor have
menstrual cycles
24. How are levels of estrogen in females affected by intensive
athletic training?
25. Which of the following would most likely prevent lactational
amenorrhea?
A.
diet high in calories and various nutrients; B. diet with reduced number of calories and nutrients;
C. diet consisting totally of carbohydrates
Human sperm are produced in structures called 26 which are located
in the testes. Also located in the
testes are tissues called 27 which produce hormones such as 28.
Sperm move out of the structures named in question 26 and move into a
structure called the 29; while in this structure the sperm gain motility
which means that the sperm gain the ability to 30.
The structure named in question 29 is approximately 31 feet long. The sperm will next move into a structure named the 32
where the sperm are stored until ejaculation.
During ejaculation, sperm will move out of the body of the male in a tube
called the 33 (which is located inside the penis) and the sperm will
enter a chamber called the 34 in the female.
From this chamber, sperm will rapidly move into a second chamber, named
the 35; the sperm then move into a structure called the 36, where
fertilization will occur.
One ovary of an adult human female will contain approximately 37
(how many?) eggs. Each of the eggs
is surrounded by a group of cell called 38.
Together, an egg and its surrounding cells (named in 38) are called a(n) 39.
One egg will develop, mature, and be released approximately every 40
(how many?) days. The term
“ovulation” refers to the release of an 41 from the body organ named
the 42.
Ovulation typically occurs on Day 43 of the unterine cycle (where
Day 44 is defined as the beginning of the menstrual flow).
Following ovulation, an egg is viable (i.e., alive and capable of being
fertilized) for about 45 hours, so fertilization of the egg will usually
occur on either Day 46 or Day 47 of the uterine cycle.
The developing embryo will arrive in the uterus and implant in a tissue
called the 48. This tissue
is stimulated to develop and then supported by the two hormones called 49
and 50, which are also the primary components of birth control pills.
A female taking birth control pills will typically ovulate 51 (how
many?) eggs per year.
52. In a normal adult human, blood will flow from the right
ventricle into a structure called the _?_
53. In a normal adult human, blood will flow from the left
ventricle into a structure called the _?_
54. In a normal adult human, blood will flow from the pulmonary
vein into a structure called the _?_
55. In a normal adult human, blood will flow from the pulmonary
arteries into a structure called the _?_
56. The functional units of the human kidneys are called _?_
57. Name the type of nerve cell fiber than conducts an impulse
toward the nerve cell body.
58. What type of electrical charge is present on the outside of a
neuron that is not conducting an impulse?
59.
The strength of a muscle contraction is determined by:
A.
size of nerve impulses; B. number
of nerve impulses; C. speed of
nerve impulses
60. Name the part of a neuron where secretory vesicles are
located.
A.
axon; B. dendrite; C.
synapse; D. medulla
61. Receptors for neurotransmitters are located on:
A.
axons; B. dendrites; C.
acetylcholine; D. secretory
vesicles
62. Meninges are associated with the:
A.
kidneys; B. lungs;
C. liver; D. spinal cord
63. How many openings are present in a normal alveolus?
64. Each alveolus is located at the end of a small tubule called
a(n) _?_
65. Each alveolus is approximate _?_ in diameter.
A.
1 meter; B. 1 millimeter; C. 0.5 millimeter; D.
0.0005 millimeter
66. When a human inhales air, the diaphragm will:
A.
relax; B. contract; C.
not change in size or shape; D.
compress the lungs
67. The trachea and esophagus are located near each other.
How could you identify the trachea by your sense of touch?
The trachea is:
A.
long and narrow; B. whitish in
color; C. kept open by cartilage
rings; D. located in the neck
region
68. If an adult human has a complete set of teeth, how many teeth
would be present?
69. Name the first digestive enzyme that is added to food in the
human digestive tract.
70. Name the organ that is the source of pain when a person
suffers from “heartburn.”
71. The prefix “peri-” means:
A.
into; B. between; C.
near; D. around;
E. closed; F. good luck
72. Which of the following is a digestive enzyme normally found
in the human small intestine?
A.
pepsin; B. hydrochloric acid;
C. bile; D. rennin
73. Name the human organ in which most digestion occurs and
through whose walls most absorption of nutrients occurs.
74. Name the organ whose blood is drained by the hepatic portal
vein.
75. On what day of the uterine cycle does ovulation typically
occur?