CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION: MATTER AND MEASUREMENT

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

           You should know the meaning of the following terms:

hypothesis, law, theory, accuracy, precision, heterogeneous mixture, homogeneous mixture (solution), compound, element, mass, weight, extensive property, intensive property, physical property, chemical property, physical change, chemical change, density.

You should be able to express and interpret numbers in exponential (scientific) notation and to interconvert between decimal and exponential notation.

You should understand the concept of significant figures and its relation to the reliability of a measured quantity and be able to use significant figures properly in calculations based on measured quantities.

You should be able to use the metric system. You should know the names and abbreviations for the base units (e.g., m, g, etc.) and common derived units (e.g., L, J, etc.) and the names, abbreviations, and meanings of the common decimal multipliers.

You should be able to perform conversions, both simple and, compound within the metric system (e.g., mm to cm, m/s to km/hr, g/cm² to kg/m², etc.) without using a table of equivalences and conversions between metric and nonmetric units (e.g., cm to in) if given a table of equivalences.

You should be able to perform conversions between temperatures on the Celsius and Kelvin scales.

You should be able to work problems involving the property of density, including interconversion between mass and volume if given the density (you should know the numerical value for the density of water).