ZOOL. 251 EXAM QUESTIONS - CELL BIOLOGY

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BATCH 973

1-9

1. Which of the following events represents a major portion of the total energy expended by a resting cell?
   1. diffusion
   2. active transport
   3. facilitated diffusion
   4. osmosis
   5. none of the above [top]

2. The basis for our need to breathe oxygen solely relates to the metabolic requirement of which cellular organelle?
   1. Golgi apparatus
   2. nucleolus
   3. centrioles
   4. mitochondria
   5. rough ER [top]

3. The cytoskeletal elements that exhibit contractile properties are the:
   1. microtubules
   2. cilia
   3. microfilaments
   4. intermediate filaments
   5. none of the above [top] [10]

4. Facilitated diffusion is distinguished from simple diffusion by which of the following?
   1. carrier dependent
   2. requires energy
   3. highly specific
   4. 1 and 3
   5. 1, 2 and 3 [top]

5. Which of the following contributes to the structure of DNA?
   1. nitrogenous base
   2. phosphate group
   3. pentose sugar
   4. a & c
   5. a, b and c [top]

6. Processing of RNA transcripts prior to translation occurs where?
   1. cytoplasm
   2. nucleus
   3. ribosomes
   4. Golgi
   5. centrioles [top]

7. The codon is found on which type of RNA?
   1. mRNA
   2. tRNA
   3. rRNA
   4. a and c
   5. none of the above [top]

8. Replication occurs when:
   1. DNA is copied to RNA
   2. RNA is copied to protein
   3. DNA is copied to DNA
   4. RNA is copied to DNA
   5. none of the above [top]

9. Which cell component is involved in formation of the mitotic spindle and cilia?
   1. mitochondria
   2. nucleosome
   3. lysosome
   4. Golgi apparatus
   5. centrioles [top]

10-19

10. Nucleosomes are composed of:
    1. DNA and RNA
    2. histones and RNA
    3. histones and DNA
    4. DNA and tubulin
    5. none of the above [top]

11. The cellular location where proteins are packaged into secretory vesicles is the:
    1. mitochondria
    2. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
    3. Golgi apparatus
    4. centrioles
    5. none of the above [top]

12. Key events in the life of a protein hormone occur in which order?

1. translation, packaging into vessicles, mRNA processing, post-translational processing, transcription, exocytosis
2. transcription, translation, mRNA processing, post-translational processing, packaging into vesicles, exocytosis
3. mRNA processing, translation, transcription, post-translational processing, packaging into vessicles, exocytosis
4. transcription, mRNA processing, translation, post-translational processing, packaging into vesicles, exocytosis
5. transcription, packaging into vesicles, mRNA processing, translation, post-translational processing, exocytosis [top]

13. Principle structural differences between DNA and RNA include:
    1. the sugar backbone
    2. nucleotide bases used
    3. number of nucleotide strands
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above [top]

14. Which of the following cellular phenomena would be affected by the absence of microtubules?
    1. cell division
    2. the arrangement of cell organelles
    3. motility
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above [top]

15. Which of the following molecules is important to the structure of RNA but not DNA?
    1. adenine
    2. guanine
    3. cytosine
    4. uracil
    5. thymine [top]

16. Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?
    1. degradation of organelles
    2. protein synthesi
    3. digestion of ingested material
    4. 1 and 3
    5. all of the above [top]

17. The processes of cell secretion and ejection of waste occur via?
    1. pinocytosis
    2. endocytosis
    3. phagocytosis
    4. exocytosis
    5. none of the above [top]

18. The process of cell division (mitotic phase) includes what two major events:
    1. DNA replication and mitosis
    2. mitosis and centriole replication
    3. protein synthesis and cytokinesis
    4. mitosis and cytokinesis
    5. none of the above [top]

19. Because of the cell membrane enzyme Na/K-ATPase, extracellular Na and K concentrations are ________ and _______, respectively, relative to the intracellular compartment.
    1. high and low
    2. low and high
    3. high and high
    4. low and low
    5. none of the above [top] [10]

20-29

20. A non-membrane bounded, dense, spherical body composed of rRNA and protein found in the nucleus is the:
    1. kinetochore
    2. nucleosome
    3. centromere
    4. nucleolus
    5. none of the above [top]

21. Which of the following best characterizes the process of facilitated diffusion?
    1. highly specific
    2. saturable
    3. regulated
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above [top]

22. The generation of mRNA from DNA during protein synthesis represents which process?
    1. replication
    2. transcription
    3. ,ranslation
    4. processing
    5. none of the above [top]

23. Nucleotide sequences within a gene that do not code for protein and must be removed before the mature mRNA leaves the nucleus are termed:
    1. protons
    2. codons
    3. introns
    4. exons
    5. none of the above [top]

24. Membrane-bounded vesicles within the cytoplasm that are important to detoxification reactions are:
    1. ribosomes
    2. nucleosomes
    3. chromosomes
    4. peroxisomes
    5. centrosomes [top]

Match the following:

Define, identify and/or give an example for each of the following:

35. Osmosis - [top]

36. Nucleosome - [top]

37. The mRNA for a large molecular weight protein hormone has been transcribed in the nucleus; trace its path until the final product is secreted from the cell. [top]

38. Compare and contrast the processes of simple and facilitated diffusion. [top]