1.  The enzyme and substrate interact at the ?     Active site

2.  Enzymes increase the rate of the reaction by lowering the ? energy.  Activation energy

3.  Which of the two enzyme control mechanisms will be most efficient to rapidly slow down a reaction?
Of the two control mechanisms (increase/decrease the amount of enzymes produced; increase/decrease the activity of enzymes already present), the latter mechanism of increase/decrease the activity of enzymes already present, perhaps through feedback inhibition, would be the quickest means of controlling enzymes.  Increasing/decreasing the amount of enzymes produced will also have an effect but will be much slower at changing the rate of a reaction since the cell has to take more time making the large 3-D proteins (such as enzymes) or waiting for those present to break down.

4.  Name the important coenzyme(s) of photosynthesis:  NADP+
Name the important coenzyme(s) of aerobic respiration:  NAD+, FAD, and coenzyme A

Ques 5-9.  Imagine that you have the following organisms:
Organism A--has no chloroplasts, but has abundant oxygen
Organism B--has chloroplasts and abundant oxygen
Organism C--has neither chloroplasts nor oxygen

    5.  Which organism(s) undergo photosynthesis?        Organism B only (neither A or C have chloroplasts)
    6.  Which organism(s) undergo aerobic respiration?  Organisms A and B (only C does not have oxygen)
    7.  Which organism(s) undergo glycolysis?                   Organisms A, B, and C (all have to break down glucose for E)
    8.  Which organism(s) undergo the Kreb's Cycle?       Organisms A and B (C does not have oxygen for aerobic)
    9.  Which organism(s) undergo the Calvin Benson Cycle?    Organism B only

10.  Draw the Calvin Benson Cycle:  See your notes, the answers posted on my door,  or the textbook for the cycle

11.  Which part of aerobic respiration gives off the most ATP?  Electron Transport Phosphorylation
       How many?  32 ATP per original glucose molecule

12.  Why is oxygen important to aerobic respiration?
       Oxygen serves to pick up electrons coming out of the electron transport system of the Electron Transport Phosphorylation step.  Once Oxygen picks up electrons, positive H ions are also attracted to oxygen to form 6 H2O molecules.  Without oxygen to pick up electrons, the ETP step shuts down which shuts down the Kreb's cycle, and the cell would have to switch to fermentation to recylce NAD+ needed for glycolysis.