The short
list here of people and institutions whom I owe thanks for helping
to advance this project excludes many teachers, mentors, colleagues, students,
family members, and friends who have helped in this endeavor—some quite
consciously, but many without their knowing it. In any case, I’m grateful
to all those who have supported me professionally and personally over
the years and have contributed in ways subtle and profound to making this
internet publication possible in 2003-2004 and in later years.
Finding
a name listed here, of course, in no sense implies that that
person supports my findings or believes them to be valid. Of all living
people to date, so far I alone have been in a position to survey the full
range of evidence that validates the authorization of Shakespeare’s Runes.
More or less on faith, a few of my friends and colleagues—and all of my
family—have had confidence in my work anyway and have chosen on the basis
of what they know about me otherwise to believe that what I tell them
about Shakespeare’s Runes is likely to be true.
The artists and scholars whose printed works I’ve relied on and
used in this project—from Shakespeare onward, and backward—also merit
full credit. Some of them I’ve listed as sources, and I hope I’ve used
their materials fairly. I appreciate in a special way the early work on
Shakespeare’s handwriting of Sir Edward Maunde Thompson, as well as the
more recent editorial labors of Stephen Booth, along with similarly tedious
work by numerous other scholars whose efforts, without their active
complicity, now help to underpin various components of the discussion
that follows—lexicographers, biographers, critics, anthologizers, and
editors of numerous works of literature that I’ve used in essential or
tangential ways.
None of these persons knows of my work or has offered any conscious support
for it, but I’m nonetheless aware of my indebtedness to them.
Former teachers who stand salient in my heart for having worked
over the years to assuage my ignorance, shape my interests and values,
and teach me things about language, literature, writing, and life include,
particularly, Rayburn Cagle, Betty Sue Smith, Mildred Utley, Mary Dawson,
Frances Coleman Reasons, and Frances Neisler at Medina High School; Jack
Farris at Union University; Carlos Baker, Edward Hubler, and Willard Thorp
at Princeton; Arlin Turner at Duke; and Evans Harrington at Ole Miss.
Charles Ogilvie guided the faculty development tour I made, with other
friends, to Stratford. T. J. Ray, who directed the seminar on the Pearl/Gawain
texts in which I first found the antecedent runes, allowed me to pursue
my own befuddled and indeterminate track in the course and still get academic
credit for it.
David Taylor, an old friend from UT-Martin and my graduate school sidekick
at Ole Miss, was the first believer in the reality of the runes.Way back
in high school, Glenda Smith (now Tate), with small-town irony, puffed
my ego and probably helped seal my fate by calling me “Shakespeare.”
I’m
also indebted in specific ways to a number of academic colleagues
who’ve helped by making me aware of materials that are relevant to this
project, works that in most cases are listed among my published sources:
Martha Battle introduced me to the findings of Hieatt and of de Saussure,
both of which provide key parallels with my own discoveries. David Taylor
made me aware of the Grands Rhétoriqueurs, an important antecedent
group whose practices help us to understand those in Q as conventional
and inherited. Anna Clark pointed out germane materials in Thomas Wolfe
and in Black spirituals and, in her role as adviser to the yearbook/directories
of the Tennessee Governor’s School for the Humanities, also helped me
publish six edited Shakespearean runes on “my page” of these yearbooks
during 1991-96, when I was a GSH faculty member. Phillip Miller showed
me materials in Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus and, in many other ways
as supportive department chair and friend, advanced the interests of my
project. Keith Daniel told me about Augenmusik, a playful analogue
to Will’s “O-wit.” Cary Ader, a student at Miami-Dade Community College,
made seminal, independent discoveries in the rhyme scheme patterns of
Herbert’s “The Collar,” and Norbert Artzt, his professor, passed Ader’s
findings on to me. Ruth Tonner revealed acrostic bawdry in one of John
Peale Bishop’s sonnets—a modern instance of suppressed coterie wit—and
William Shurr informed me about acrostic gaminess in a Nabakov story.
James Adams sent me the Satinover essay on Biblical encodings. My daughter
Anna, with the luxury of daily access to the New York Times,
introduced me to Vendler’s work on the Sonnets. Bryan Horton first told
me about the Inklings. And Bill Austin helped me calculate the statistical
odds against accidental self-generation of the acrostic epithet AVON in
Rune 1. My son, Ben, a singer-songwriter, has kept my web pages (including
this site) linked to his own, thus fundling here a host of potential readers.
Other
colleagues at UT-Martin who’ve figured in this project with particular
kinds of support and information include A. L. Addington, Robert Allen,
Kendall Blanchard, Taylor Corse, Robert Cowser, David Grubbs, Walter Haden,
Larry McGehee, Judy Sandefer and several of her student assistants, Robert
Smith, and Lana Taylor; the staffs of the Paul Meek Library, the UTM University
Relations office (notably Joe Lofaro, Vernon Matlock, Glory Williams,
Bud Grimes, Kara Hooper, Robert Muilenburg, and Trevor Ruszkowski), the UTM Printing Office; and especially
the staff of the Faculty Multimedia Center (later the Instructional Technology
Center), including Jennifer Abney, Craig Ingram, Weston Gentry, Josh Kugler, and Steve Holt.
Since 1977, my departmental colleagues have framed a better work environment
than any teaching writer merits, sharing some of my non-teaching tasks
during the three terms of academic leave I’ve taken over the decades to
work on this project. Colleagues in the Tennessee Governor’s School for
the Humanities have also helped—notably Ernest Lee and students in my
GSH Shakespeare classes.
Other
friends and scholars I’m indebted to include Reed and Joyce Graves,
Sue Lain Graves, Molly Graves, Harold James, Charles Kolesar, Cliff Laird,
Robert McCluskey, Jane Harris, and Larry and Joyce Patton.
Reporters and newspaper editors who during the period 1984-2010
have shown a more careful and open-minded interest in my discovery than
any academicians except a colleague or two include Harriet Riley, William
McDaniel, John Gilbert, Robert Nanney, Jon Ivins, Jennifer Phelps, Kathy
D. Thomas, Bartholomew Sullivan, Penny Wolfe (for her artwork), Wendy Isom, Brian Kindle, and especially Richard Higgins
of The Boston Globe.
Uniquely, editor Eric Paquette of The Norris [Tennessee]
Bulletin has my on-going gratitude for affording me the venue
of a column on the runes that—at his instigation—began running in July
2001; these weekly articles have made possible the first modern publications
and discussions of a majority of the Runes, and I hope that history soon
vindicates Eric’s trust in my findings and records him as, in effect,
the first publisher of the Runes. A booklength compilation of the Norris Bulletin essays now provides the best single overview in print of my findings and of this project.
Melanie Paquette, Brandon Hall, and Shannan Greenhouse, as layout editors
for The Bulletin, also have my gratitude, especially because
of my persnickety, jot-and-tittle concerns about the details of the published
texts—lineations, long dashes, italics, you name it— that they had to
make fit the space and look good week after week
My early advocates at university presses were Carol Orr of The
University of Tennessee Press, Karen Orchard of The University of Georgia
Press, and Thomas Yoseloff of Associated University Presses. Though finally
unsuccessful in their efforts to secure interest among academic peer readers,
the prescient perceptiveness of these scholars should not go unnoticed.
I’m also indebted to editors James Andreas of The Upstart
Crow, Patrick Cullen and Thomas P. Roche, Jr., of Spenser Studies,
and Beverly Glover-Wood of The Explicator, and to Robert E. Bjork,
director of the Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, and
to the successive editors of the Journal of The Tennessee Philological
Association. Joe McGinity edited the Princeton Class of 1961 40th Reunion booklet in which some of mind findings appear. All of these editors have worked on my behalf to allow me
to publish my findings and have my say.
Taking the long view back, I’m particularly grateful to my parents
for the high value they placed on education and for the range of personal
freedom they established in our household when my brother and I were trying
to work out our futures; for my three years of support at Duke to do graduate
study (1961-64) under the National Defense Education Act, even if the
NDEA grant for studying post-baccalaureate English did require me to sign
a loyalty oath that Professor Thorpe—as an old ’30s liberal and one of
my respected mentors about 1962—condemned, benignly, as an unconscionably
pragmatic sell-out on my part; for the Carnegie grant, UT-Martin faculty
development and incentive funds, and gifts from Walter E. and Flossie
Patton Hunt that helped make possible my graduate studies at Ole Miss
during 1976-77; for support from my department during 2003 in the form
of a one-course release time award to allow me time to initiate this web
site; for support from the UTM Faculty Multimedia Center (later the Instructional
Technology Center) in the form of two workshop grants that helped me develop
this web site and my academic web page, along with another chance to take part in a summer 2010 workshop; and for further support at UTM
from the Cunningham and the Alma and Hal Reagan endowments—particularly
for the two semesters of academic leave funded by Reagan grants that have
allowed me time to develop the substantive textual materials that this
site houses—and thus to open up Shakespeare’s mind-boggling trove of Lost
Sonnets to readers of every future generation, until the Last Trump halts
all our mundane perusals.
RNG 14 May 2003, with additions 20 May 2010. |